Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine (BJVM)
ISSN 1311-1477
Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
VOL. 9, No 4, DECEMBER, 2006
CONTENTS
Published by the Trakia University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Volume 9, Number 4, December 2006, Summaries
Schuljak, B. F., 2006. Lentivirus infections of ungulates. II. Laboratory models. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 9, No 4, 243-250.
The laboratory models which researchers use in the work with 5 lentiviruses — EIAV, MVV, CAEV, BIV & virus of Jembrana disease are described in this part of the review.
Key words: cell culture, laboratory animals, lentiviruses, retroviruses
Kostadinov, G., A. Dechev & A. Vodenicharov, 2006. Osteological investigations upon the external surface of temporal fossa in dogs from various breeds and crossbred dogs. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 9, No 4, 251-255.
The external surface of temporal fossa was investigated in 28 canine skulls - 22 of purebred dogs and 6 of dogs of unidentified breed. It was found out that the external surface of temporal fossa in dogs of unidentified breed was smooth whereas in purebred individuals it had a various degree of roughness. In Pitbulls, the surface was slightly uneven, with short, rostroventrally directed crests. The best shaped outer surface of temporal fossa was most clearly manifested in the French Bulldog. The temporal fossa was the most prominent in the Dachshund and in Miniature Pinschers, fairly prominent in the Collie, the Labrador and German Shepherds and the least prominent in the Caucasian Ovcharka and the Shar Planinets. The obtained data allowed to assume that the external surface and the prominence of the temporal fossa could be important for further studies upon the determination of the strength of the temporal muscle and its role in the function of mandible and bite strength.
Key words: bone relief, dog breeds, skull, temporal fossa
Kanchev, L. N., J. Baichev, I. Kamenov, B. Baikov & A. K. Hallak, 2006. Melatonin, corticosterone, stress and phagocytic activity. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 9, No 4, 257-264.
The present study was conducted to detect the direct relationships between melatonin and corticosterone under stress condition and possible actions of the two hormones on phagocytic activity of rat peritoneal macrophages. Two experiments were performed. In the first one stress increased the corticosterone plasma concentration to 276 ± 25 ng/mL while nocturnal melatonin levels were depressed. In the second experiment, a clear rise in macrophages capacity to ingest latex beads was noticed when they were incubated with maximum melatonin quantity added (115 pg/mL) and combinations of melatonin and corticosterone investigated. The results concerning phagocytic efficiency showed that the only significant differences were when phagocytes were received from unstressed rats.
Key words: corticosterone, melatonin, phagocytosis, rats, stress
Popova, T. P., R. I. Alexandrova, R. Tudose, E. M. Mosoarca & O. Costisor, 2006. Preliminary in vitro investigations on antimicrobial activity of three iron complexes. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 9, No 4, 265-271.
The in vitro effect of three complexes of iron with ligands N,N’-bis(4-antipyrylmethyl)-piperazine (BAMP) and N,N’-tetra-(antipyryl-1-methyl)-1,2-diaminoethane (TAMEN) was examined on 22 Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. Broad spectrum antibiotic thiamphenicol was used as a control. The experiments were performed by the routine agar-diffusion method of Bauer et al. and the method of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). It was found that Fe2(TAMEN)Cl6 and Fe2(BAMP)Cl6 expressed antibacterial activity in vitro, especially against Gram-positive strains. The inhibitory effect of Fe2(TAMEN)Cl6 was more pronounced.
Key words: antibacterial activity, cobalt, iron, Mannich bases, polynuclear complexes, pyrazolone
Kocak, O. & B. Ekiz, 2006. Effects of left displaced abomasum, ketosis and digestive disorders on milk yield in dairy cows. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 9, No 4, 273-280.
The objectives of the current study were to investigate left displaced abomasum (LDA), ketosis and digestive disorders (DD) incidence in a private dairy herd and the effect of these diseases on daily average of weekly milk yield (DMY) and lactation milk yield. Dataset used for analyses comprised 1293 lactation data from 859 Holstein cows. The datasets for LDA, ketosis and DD were analysed separately. Mixed model procedures were used to analyse the DMY. In terms of LDA and ketosis the difference between parity 1 and parity ³2 was not statistically significant, whereas, the difference was significant for DD. It was observed that 68% of LDA cases and 62% of ketosis cases were in first two weeks of lactation. All LDA cases were in the first eight weeks of lactation and all ketosis cases (other than one case) were in the first ten weeks of lactation. Digestive disorder cases were seen in all periods of lactation. Milk losses were observed two weeks before the diagnosis of LDA and one week before the diagnosis of ketosis and DD. It was determined that the highest milk loss in all three diseases was in diagnose week and the milk losses in diagnose week were 8.1 kg/day in LDA, 6.21 kg/day in ketosis and 2.86 kg/day in DD. For all three diseases, decreases in lactation milk yield of ill cows were observed when compared to healthy cows, however, these differences were not statistically significant. The lactation milk yield losses in LDA, ketosis and DD cows were 184.3 kg, 285.6 kg and 52.4 kg, respectively.
Key words: dairy cows, disease, incidence, lactation, milk loss
Paskalev, M., S. Krastev, Sv. Mechkarski, J. Philipov & Sv. Dyakova, 2006. Experimental study on guided bone regeneration in canine segmental ulnar defects. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 9, No 4, 281-291.
The present study aimed to determine the possibility of application of guided bone regeneration in experimental non-fixed ulnar defects in dogs. In 24 dogs, a total of 48 ulnar bone defects were created (24 left and 24 right). The dogs were allotted to 4 groups (6 animals each). The right defects were treated as followed: group I - the bone defects were filled with autocancellous bone; in group II – with allocancellous bone; in group III - with xenocancellous bone and in group IV - with xenocancellous bone and bioceramics. The defects of left ulnas were treated similarly and isolated from adjacent soft tissues with enzymatically processed and freeze-dried canine dura mater. Both ends of the ulna were not fixed by osteosynthesis. In the post operative period, radiological and clinical surveys were performed immediately after the surgery and 1, 2, 4 and 6 months after treatments. The guided bone regeneration using processed dura mater slowed down the osteogenesis in segmental non-fixed canine ulnar defects regardless of the type of used osteoinductor graft.
Key words: bone defects, bone regeneration, bone transplants, dog
Dinev, T., H. Hubenov & L. Lashev, 2006. Effects of aminoglycoside and aminocyclitol antibiotics on blood coagulation in goats. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 9, No 4, 293-297.
The changes in blood coagulation parameters fibrinogen, thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were followed out after parenteral application of gentamicin (4 mg/kg), tobramycin (5 mg/kg), amikacin (10 mg/kg), kanamycin (10 mg/kg), apramycin (20 mg/kg) and spectinomycin (20 mg/kg) in goats for 5 days. Increased fibrinogen concentrations and reduced PT values were determined. There was a tendency towards increased APTT values whereas TT was not significantly altered. Although statistically significantly changed vs baseline, all variations were within the physiological ranges. It could be concluded that there were not any significant changes in blood coagulation potential in goats that could possibly induce clinical haemocoagulation troubles.
Key words: aminoglycoside antibiotics, goats, haemocoagulation