Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine (BJVM)
ISSN 1311-1477
Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
VOL. 7, No 2, JUNE, 2004
CONTENTS
Published by the Trakia University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
6000 Stara Zagora, BulgariaVolume 7, Number 2, June 2004, Summaries
Kutsarov, G., Y. Iliev, I. Varliakov, I. Penchev Georgiev and V. Radev, 2004. Effect of hypokinesia on the behaviour of lambs. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 7, No 2, 69-75.
The studies were performed on 13 lambs at the age of 3.5 months divided into 2 groups: experimental (n=6), immobilized for 72 h and control (n=7) that was allowed to move freely. The following ethological parameters: duration and dynamics of feeding, times spent lying and ruminating; times spent standing and ruminating, times spent lying or standing were evaluated by individual chronometry. The haematological parameters (red blood cell counts, white blood cell counts, haemoglobin content and haematocrit) were measured on an automated analyser System 150. Blood samples were obtained prior to immobilization (background) and by post immobilization hours 0.25, 24, 48 and 72.
Haematological data showed no statistically significant differences between groups during the entire experimental period. The most pronounced differences were observed by respect to the time spent standing and ruminating (a marker of discomfort) whose values were considerably higher in immobilized lambs than in controls. In experimental animals, a significant reduction in the time spent lying and prolongation of the time spent standing were also observed.
Key words: behaviour, haematological parameters, hypokinesia, lambs
Tanchev, S., P. Georgiev, S. Georgieva and S. Dimitrov, 2004. Changes in semen quality and quantity and dominant lethal mutations in rabbits following external gamma irradiation. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 7, No 2, 77-84.
Sexually mature male rabbits (3 groups of 6 animals in each) were irradiated with gamma rays in the dose range 0.5-2.5 Gy with dose density of 24 ñGy/min. One groups of 6 non-irradiated rabbits served as control. The quantitative and qualitative parameters of sperm were determined prior to irradiation and up to post irradiation day 60 at 10-day intervals. The induction of dominant lethal mutations (DLM) in differentiating germinative cells was determined according to the schedule ♀ non-irradiated ´ ♂ irradiated.
The results showed a dose-dependent decrease in spermatozoa concentration during the entire experimental period. The lowest concentration was that at post irradiation day 60 in the 2.5 Gy group (11±0.8 ´106/mL). A statistically significant increase in the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa was established after irradiation at 1.5 and 2.5 Gy. The DLM test showed highest DLM percentages between post irradiation days 30 and 40, i.e. in fertilization with sperm irradiated at the spermatid stage.
The data from the study showed a reduced reproductive potential in rabbits irradiated in the tested dose range.
Key words: rabbits, radiation mutagenesis, reproduction, spermatogenesis
Anguelov, A. and M. Chichovska, 2004. Study on combined therapeutic potential of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid and calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate on lead mobilization and redistribution in experimentally intoxicated rats. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 7, No 2, 85-95.
The efficiency of the independent or combined application of calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (CaNa2EDTA) and meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) was tested in albino rats, intoxicated with lead. Both drugs, when administered individually, produced enhanced urinary excretion of lead and lowered the tissue lead burden. The co-administration of CaNa2EDTA and DMSA resulted in enhanced urinary lead elimination, decrease in conjugated lead form and restoration of some altered lead-sensitive biochemical variables. The lack of secondary redistribution of lead to brain or other organs following the combined DMSA-CaNa2EDTA treatment was a definite advantage of the combined therapy over the individual CaNa2EDTA or DMSA application. However, an elevation of serum transaminases activities, creatinine levels, and depletion of zinc were observed, that could limit the usefulness of this combined treatment.
Key words: albino rats, calcium disodium ethelenediaminetetraacetate, 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, lead, lead intoxication
Binev, R., Y. Nikolov, K. Stoyanchev and I. Valchev, 2004. Studies on clinical signs and some haematological parameters in experimental acute intoxication with the triazole fungicide triticonazole in swine. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 7, No 2, 97-105.
Experiments for evaluation of the toxic effects of the triazole fungicide triticonazole in one control and three experimental groups of pigs, treated orally via a gastric tube at increasing doses of 200 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg (0.1LD50, 0.5LD50 and LD50 respectively) were performed.
The clinical status of animals (body temperature, heart and respiratory rates, colour of mucosae, appetite, thirst, general condition, locomotion, sensitivity, urination, defecation) and haematological parameters (haemoglobin content, red blood cell counts, haematocrit and mean corpuscular volume) were determined at hours –48, –24 and 0 prior to the treatment and hours 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48 and 72 after the treatment.
It was observed that the tested triazole fungicide had a toxic effect manifested by hypothermia, tachycardia, polypnea, oligochromaemia, erythropenia, lacrimation, salivation, tremor, seizures, clonic spasms, paresis and paralysis of limbs.
The observed changes were most obvious between post treatment hours 2 and 12 and afterwards the analysed parameters restored their initial values.
Key words: triazole fungicides, triticonazole, pesticides, pesticide toxicity, swine
Tsokova, L. T. and D. I. Goundasheva, 2004. Clinical and experimental studies in spontaneous and experimental alopecia in hens. Study on the acid-base status. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 7, No 2, 107-112.
The aim of the study was to follow out the acid-base status in spontaneous and experimental alopecia in hens. For this purpose, 40 Hissex layer hens at the age of 1 year were used. The studies lasted for 2 months after the appearance of clinical signs.
The results showed that the spontaneous alopecia in hens was accompanied by compensated acidosis whereas the experimental alopecia - by decompensated metabolic acidosis with hypercapnia (mixed acidosis).
Key words: acid-base status, alopecia, hens
Aminkov, B. and N. Zlateva, 2004. Epidural anaesthesia for castration of the bitch. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 7, No 2, 113-119.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of three epidural anaesthetic protocols for ovariohisterectomy of bitches.
In 3 groups with 40 patients each, the following epidural anaesthetic combinations were applied: 1. xylazine 0.25 mg/kg of 2% injectable solution and fentanyl citrate 0.1 mg/kg diluted in sodium chloride solution up to 0.3 mL/kg (EA-XF); 2. lidocaine hydrochloride 2% injectable solution 0.3 mL/kg and xylazine 0.25 mg/kg of 2% injectable solution (EA-XL); 3. medetomidine hydrochloride 0.015 mg/kg and fentanyl citrate 0.005 mg/kg diluted with 0.3 mL/kg sodium chloride solution (EA-FM).
Statistically significant changes in respiratory rate were observed in the EA-XF group between min 10 and 60, in the EA-XL group by min 30, 40, 50 and 60 and in the EA-FM group between min 30-60 (p<0.05; p<0.01). The changes in heart rate were statistically significant in the EA-XF group by min 40, 50 and 60 (p<0.01), in EA-XL dogs by min 50 and 60 (p<0.05) and in the EA-FM group by min 50 and 60 (p<0.01). The best muscle relaxation was observed in EA-XL dogs.
The results showed that all three epidural anaesthetic protocols provided an excellent analgesia during and after the castration of bitches.
Key words: bitches, epidural anaesthesia, fentanyl, lidocaine, medetomidine, ovariohysterectomy, xylazine
Todev, I. D., V. N. Nanev, L. Nedkova, Ò. K. Mutafova, D. Y. Hrusanov and Ì. S. Panayotova, 2004. Studies on the helminthic fauna in game species from regions with various landscape characterization. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 7, No 2, 121-128.
The helminthic fauna of game species originating from East Bulgaria including the Ludogorie region was studied. On the basis of egg counting technique, diagnostics of parasite larvae and the morphology of imago forms, 11 gastrointestinal, 5 pulmonary nematode genera and 2 trematode genera were detected. The commonest nematodes were gastrointestinal (with 61.85% extensity of invasion) and pulmonary ones (with 44.67% extensity of invasion). A considerable part of studied nematodes were common for studied regions and host species. The extensity of invasion and the generic composition of helminthic populations were similar for game species inhabiting a given geographic locality.
Key words: environment, game, helminthic fauna
Chikova, V. and D. Ilieva, 2004. Detection of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) virus in rainbow trouts in Bulgaria. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 7, No 2, 129 -135.
Epizootological studies on the prevalence of infectious pancreatic necrosis (IPN) in Bulgarian trout farms were carried out between 1993 and 2000. Whole alevin or organ homogenates (pyloric caeca, spleen, kidneys, brains) of rainbow trouts with typical clinical signs of IPN were virologically investigated. Eight field IPN viral strains were isolated on indicatory cell cultures RTG-2, BF-2 and EPC identified by means of the neutralization test and the indirect fluorescent antibody test. The comparisons to reference antisera and hyperimmune sera obtained by us showed that six viral isolates belonged to the Sp serotype whereas the other two - to the Ab serotype of the IPN virus.
Key words: indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT); infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), neutralization test (NT)