Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine (BJVM)
ISSN 1311-1477
Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
VOL. 5, No 3, SEPTEMBER, 2002
CONTENTS
145
V. Urumova, M. Lyutskanov and A. Vachkov
Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from cattle with subclinical mastitis153
a. haritova and l. lashev
Pharmacokinetics of sulphachlorpyrazine and sulphachlorpyridazine in 3-week-old chickens treated with maduramicin via fodder161
d. Dinev, G. Simeonova, D. Dimov and B. Aminkov
Persistent right fourth aortic arch in dogs - clinical signs, radiological and pathomorphological findings167
M. Dimitrov, N. Vassilev, P, Georgiev, I. Ivanov and S. Yotov
Ultrasonographic assessment of early
pregnancy in animals179
189
a. Ivanov, N. Lazarov and N. Grozeva
Ultrastructural study of Sarcocystis species
in sheep and goats195
Dinev, D. Dimov, P. Parvanov, P. Georgiev and G. Simeonova
Incidence of canine neoplasms - a retrospective histopathological study. I. Mammary neoplasms in the bitch
Published by the Trakia
University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Volume 5, Number 3, September 2002, Summaries
Urumova, V., M. Lyutskanov and A. Vachkov, 2002. Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from cattle with subclinical mastitis. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 5, No 3, 145-152
The study was performed on 470 lactating cattle originating from 5 farms in South Bulgaria.
Eighty-eight cases of occult mammary inflammation were found. From them, 74 Staphylococcus spp. strains were determined. Fourteen strains were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, and the rest were coagulase-negative staphylococci.
After the performance of the methicillin/oxacillin test, 19 staphylococcal isolates (25.7%) were determined as methicillin-resistant (MRS). The sensitivity of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive strains to 12 of the most commonly used chemotherapeutical drugs was determined. The profiles of cumultive curves were analysed. The results showed that the percentages of resistance of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains to b-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides and lincomycin were higher than those of MRS strains.
Key words: cumulative curves, drug resistance, methicillin resistance, MRSA, subclinical mastitis
Haritova, A. and L. Lashev, 2002. Pharmacokinetics of sulphachlorpyrazine and sulphachlorpyridazine in 3-week-old chickens treated with maduramicin via fodder. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 5, No 3, 153-160.
The pharmacokinetics of sulphachlorpyrazine and sulphachlorpyridazine were investigated in two separate experiments after their intravenous (iv) and oral (po) administration to chickens, untreated (control groups) and treated with maduramicin via fodder (5 ppm) for 18 days (experimental groups).
After iv introduction of both sulphonamides to experimental groups, several similarities in their pharmacokinetics vs the control group were observed. They could be summarized as accelerated elimination, increased values of the area under the blood serum levels, lower values of the distribution volume and of the total body clearance.
After the oral introduction of both sulphonamides, the following tendencies in the changes of their behaviour were found: retarded elimination, higher area under the serum level curves and lower bioavailability.
Key words: maduramicin, sulphachlorpyrazine, sulphachlorpyridazine, drug interaction
Dinev, D., G. Simeonova, D. Dimov and B. Aminkov, 2002. Persistent right fourth aortic arch in dogs - clinical signs, radiological and pathomorphological findings. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 5, No 3, 161-166.
The clinical signs, radiological and pathomorphological findings in four 2-2.7-month-old dogs (3 male German Shepherds and 1 female Dobermann) with persistent right aortic arch are described. The differential diagnosis of the disease with regard to other oesophageal diseases is discussed. The regurgitation of stomach content after weaning is considered as the primary clinical sign. In such cases, the age of patients necessitated the consideration of a congenital vascular ring anomaly as underlying cause of the problem.
The main radiological features were vizualization of the cervical and the thoracic parts of the oesophagus, extension of the shadow of the dilated part to the heart, but without overlapping it, position of the shadow of the dilated part mostly to the left in ventrodorsal view. All those features were confirmed in a contrast radiological study.
Key words: clinical signs, dog, necropsy diagnosis, persistent right aortic arch, radiology
Dimitrov, M., N. Vassilev, P, Georgiev, I. Ivanov and S. Yotov, 2002. Ultrasonographic assessment of early pregnancy in animals. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 5, No 3, 167-178.
The study was performed on 22 cows, 23 mares, 97 sows and 19 bitches. The animals were divided in groups: the cows to multiparous and heifers, the other species - according to the breed. The possibilities for assessment of the early pregnancy through some parameters using the ultrasonic unit Aloka-SSD 500 with 5 MHz linear transducer (probe) in accordance with the animal species were studied. The last insemination was used as a criterion for the beginning of pregnancy. The following parameters were described: uterine horn diameter, chorionic cavity diameter, dimensions of the embryo, uterine lumen diameter and gravid corpus luteum diameter. The data showed that the average chorionic cavity and gravid corpus luteum diameters in cows at gestation days 28, 35 and 40 were significantly bigger than those in heifers (p<0.001). In mares, the ultrasonography showed a precision in the detection of pregnancy of 85.96% between gestation days 20-25; 94.74% between gestation days 30-35 and 100% between gestation days 40-50. In sows, the average uterine lumen diameter at gestation days 28 and 35, and the dimensions of the embryo at gestation day 35 were bigger in the Landrace breed compared to the Big Danubian White breed (p<0.001). In large canine breeds, the uterine lumen diameter at gestation days 20, 25 and 30 and the dimensions of the embryo at gestation day 35 were statistically significantly bigger than in small breeds.
Key words: bitches, cows, mares, pregnancy, sows, ultrasonography
Binev, R., 2002. Clinical and experimental studies on acute intoxication with the triazole fungicide diniconazole (Sumi 8 2WP) in rabbits. II. Biochemical studies. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 5, No 3, 179-188.
Experiments for evaluation of the toxic effect of the triazole fungicide diniconazole (Sumi 8 2WP) on rabbits were carried out following up the changes in blood biochemical indices: calcium, inorganic phosphate, magnesium, cholesterol, urea, creatinine and blood glucose.
The studies were performed in one control and three experimental groups, treated orally via a gastic tube with increasing doses of diniconazole (0.1LD50, 0.5LD50 and LD50 - oral doses for rats).
Blood for analysis was sampled at hours -48, -24 and 0 prior to the treatment and hours 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48 and 72 after the treatment from all animals.
It was observed that the triazole fungicide diniconazole could produce a toxic effect manifested by hypercalciaemia, hyperphosphataemia, hypermagnesaemia, hypercholesterolaemia, uremia and hyperglycaemia. Those changes were the most obvious between post treatment hours 2 and 24 and afterwards the analysed parameters restored their initial values.
Key words: biochemical parameters, diniconazole (Sumi 8 2WP), triazole fungicide
Ivanov, A., N. Lazarov and N. Grozeva, 2002. Ultrastructural study of Sarcocystis species in sheep and goats. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 5, No 3, 189-194.
Four lambs and four kids were infected with Sarcocystis cysts, obtained from 2 experimentally invaded dogs. They were subsequently euthanazed at the 100th day after the infection. Muscle specimens from the tongue, heart, forelimb and hindlimb were obtained and studied by electron microscopy. Sarcocystis macrocysts were further collected from 20 sheep in 2 slaughterhouses in Stara Zagora. Parts of cysts were prepared for electron microscopical investigation.
The studies showed three Sarcocystis spp. in sheep - S. tenella (S. ovicans), S. arieticanis and S. gigantea (S. ovifelis) and two in goats - S. capracanis and S. hircicanis.
The morphological features of cyst protrusions, the primary cyst wall and the presence or lack of a secondary cyst wall, specific for Sarcocystis in sheep and goats, were described.
Key words: goat, Sarcocystis, sheep
Dinev, I., D. Dimov, P. Parvanov, P. Georgiev and G. Simeonova, 2002. Incidence of canine neoplasms - a retrospective histopathological study. I. Mammary neoplasms in the bitch. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 5, No 3, 195-204.
A histopathological study on 124 samples of mammary neoplastic material collected from bitches within the period 1991-2000 was performed at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Stara Zagora. The tumours were classified according to the World Health Organization Classification (1974).
According to the histogenesis, the tumours were divided into three principal groups: epithelial (20.15 % benign and 32.26% malignant), mesenchymal (4.86 % benign and 12.14% malignant) and mixed (12.09% benign and 14.50% malignant). The ratio of malignant and benign tumours was 62.9:37.1. The average age when mammary tumours were detected was 8.55 years and the most predisposed breed were Bolognese dogs (20.16% of all cases).
Key words: bitch, incidence of mammary tumours, mammary tumours