ISSN 1311-1477 (print); ISSN 131-3543 (online)
VOLUME 16, NUMBER 1, MARCH 2013
CONTENTS
|
Full |
b. mobini Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16, No 1, pp. 1-6 |
|
Full
|
I. S. Stefanov Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16, No 1, pp. 7-12 |
|
Full
|
A. M. HARITOVA, S. ZH. KRASTEV, R. R. SANTOS & J.
FINK-GREMMELS
EXPRESSION OF
CYCLOOXYGENASE ENZYMES IN THE EYE OF DOGS Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16, No 1, pp. 13-19 |
|
Full
|
N. MOSLEH, S.NAZIFI, H. NILI & H. HABIBI
EFFECT OF H9N2
VIRUS INFECTION ON THE ACUTE PHASE RESPONSE IN CHUKAR PARTRIDGES (ALECTORIS
CHUKAR) |
|
Full
|
H. ADINEH, H. JAFARYAN, J. SAHANDI & M. ALIZADEH |
|
Full
|
R. A. AJADI, A. A. ADENIYI, O. S. GAZAL & O. B. KASALI |
|
Full
|
M. RADINOVIĆ, S. BOBOŠ, I. DAVIDOV, M. PAJIĆ, M.
ERDELJAN, M. RADINOVIĆ & A. GALFI |
|
Full
|
A. M. AL-MUJALLI, T. A. FOUDA & H. A. HUSSEIN |
|
Full
|
H. HEMATIAN |
Published by the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia
University,
6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Volume 16, Number 1, March 2013, Summaries
Mobini, B., 2013. Studies on the density of various dermal structures in adult rams and ewes. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16, No 1, 1-6.
The study was carried out to detect the densities of different dermal structures in 24 adult healthy Bakhtiari sheep, aged 3 years and more. Small pieces from different regions of the skin were taken, fixed and stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The determinations of densities of structures were carried out using lattice line graticule (5*5) and light microscope. The one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test were used to analyse the data and detect significant differences. The densities of different histological structures varied between sexes and among the different body regions. Except for the hair follicle and connective tissue, the densities of other tissue structures were significantly affected by sex. No significant difference was observed in densities of blood vessels, sebaceous glands and arrector pili muscles, but the other parameters studied differed significantly among the regions. Sex-related differences were found in the densities of all tissue structures among all the regions except for the belly and hip skin.
Key words: Bakhtiari, density, dermis, ewe, ram
Stefanov, I. S., 2013. NADPH-diaphorase positive mast cells in the wall of porcine common hepatic duct. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16, No 1, 7-12.
There are no data about the presence of NADPH-d positive mast cells in the porcine common hepatic duct. That is why we aimed to establish the expression of NADPH-d activity in mast cells and their number in its mucosal, fibromuscular and subserosal layers. The material was obtained from the common hepatic duct of 6 male and 6 female crossbred pigs. Tissue pieces were taken immediately after the slaughter of the animals and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde. Sections of 15–20 µm thickness were prepared by means of a freezing microtome. The NADPH-d histochemical expression was investigated according to the method of Sherer-Singler. NADPH-d positive cells were found in all layers of the organ. They were located mainly in the vicinity of blood vessels, around the peribiliary glands and near the basal lamina of the surface epithelium. The obtained data showed that NADPH-d positive cells observed in the wall of common hepatic duct are mast cells which obviously produce nitric oxide. The results gave us a reason to suggest that they are most probably involved in the regulation of the function of epithelium and blood vessels.
Key words: common hepatic duct, mast cells, NADPH-d, pig
Haritova, A. M., S. Zh.
Krastev, R. R. Santos & J. Fink-Gremmels, 2013.
Expression of cyclooxygenase enzymes in
the eye of dogs. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16,
No 1, 13-19.
The aim of the present study was to measure mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha (NFIkBα) in eye tissues of dogs by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These factors are involved in the maintenance of homeostasis and in inflammation. Additionally, they are target for anti-inflammatory drugs. Six dogs from different breeds and without ocular diseases were included in the study. COX1, COX2 and NFIkBα mRNA were found in the conjunctiva, the cornea and the retina. Expression of mRNA levels of COX1, COX2 and NFIkBα suggest a constitutive expression and indicate a role in canine ocular homeostasis. These data can be used in the light of proper management of inflammation in eye tissues as well as anti-inflammatory drug application.
Key words: COX enzymes, dog, eye, NFIkBα
Mosleh, N., S.
Nazifi, H. Nili & H. Habibi, 2013. Effect of H9N2 virus infection on the acute
phase response in chukar partridges (Alectoris chukar).
Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16, No 1, 20-28.
To determine the effect of H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV) infection on the acute phase response, the serum concentrations of the inflammatory mediators, acute phase proteins and gangliosides in the acute stage of experimentally-induced AIV infection in adult partridges (Alectoris chukar) was measured. The birds were challenged intranasally with 107 EID50 dose of the A/Chicken/Iran/ 772/1998(H9N2) virus. Serum samples were obtained prior to challenge, at days 1, 3, and 6 post challenge (pc) and assayed for inflammatory mediators (TNF-α and IFN-γ), acute phase protens: haptoglobin (Hp), serum amyloid A (SAA) and gangliosides: total sialic acid (TSA), lipid-bound sialic acid and protein-bound sialic acid ((LBSA; PBSA) using validated standard procedures. All measured parameters showed significant differences from the baseline level in different days post challenge. Elevation in serum concentration of all measured parameters was observed after the 24th hour pc. In infected birds, the levels of Hp peaked at 24 h pc, while the concentrations of SAA, TNF-α and IFN-γ – 3 days pc. The level of TSA, PBSA and LBSA remained relatively constant during the experiment. The findings suggest that IFN-γ and TNF-α may have a role in immunopathogenesis of the H9N2 influenza virus and that Hp and SAA are induced by cytokines. Cytokines and acute phase proteins (APPs) could be therefore, useful indicators of H9N2 infection.
Key words: acute phase response, avian influenza, H9N2, partridge (Alectoris chukar)
Adineh, H., H. Jafaryan, J. Sahandi & M. Alizadeh, 2013. Effect of Bacillus spp. probiotic on growth and feeding performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16, No 1, 29-36.
In this study, we investigated the influence of probiotic supplementation with Bacillus spp. on growth parameters and feeding performance of developing rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae. A commercial preparation of five species of Bacillus (Protexin Aquatic Company, London, England) were added to a blend of Daphnia meal (50%) and commercial diet (50%) at four concentrations: 1×105 bacterial CFU/g (diet D1), 2×105 bacterial CFU/g (diet D2), 3×105 bacterial CFU/g (diet D3), 4×105 bacterial CFU/g (diet D4). The control diet (RD) was not supplemented with the bacteria. The trout larvae of average weight 726±125 mg were fed on 10 percentage of their body weight, 6 times a day for 30 days. The results showed that in all experimental treatments, the growth and feeding parameters significantly increased in comparison to control treatment (P<0.05). Diet D2 resulted in significantly better growth, lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) and higher protein efficiency ratio than the control and other experimental treatments. No significant difference among other treatments was found.
Key words: bacillus probiotic, commercial diet, Daphnia, feeding performance, growth, rainbow trout larvae
Ajadi, R. A., A. A. Adeniyi, O. S. Gazal & O. B. Kasali, 2013. Changes in blood leukocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and interleukin-6 following knee arthrotomy in dogs. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16, No 1, 37-42.
Changes in leukocyte parameters, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined in ten mongrel dogs following knee arthrotomy. About 5 mL of blood was collected from each dog before knee arthrotomy, 2 hours, 24 hours and 3 days after knee arthrotomy for determination of white blood cell counts (WBC), neutrophil counts (NEUT), lymphocyte counts (LYM), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (N/L), ESR and IL-6. The data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and differences compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at level of significance P<0.05. The results of this study showed that following knee arthrotomy, WBC, NEUT and ESR were significantly (P<0.05) increased 24 hours after surgery, while there were no significant change in LYM and N/L. Increase in ESR persisted up to three days following arthrotomy. In addition, IL-6 was significantly (P<0.05) increased two hours after knee arthrotomy up to 24 hours after arthrotomy and then decreased significantly by the 3rd day. It was concluded that acute inflammation following knee surgery in dogs induced changes in leukocyte parameters, ESR and IL-6. These changes can be used to monitor prognosis following knee surgery in dogs.
Key words: arthrotomy, dog, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, interleukin, leukocyte, surgery
Radinović, M., S. Boboš, I. Davidov, M. Pajić, M. Erdeljan, M. Radinović & A. Galfi, 2013. Excretion of Coxiella burnetii through milk of cows as risk to human health. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16, No 1, 43-47.
Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of very important zoonoses. Transmission of infection to humans occurs mainly by domestic ruminants that excrete cthe ausative agent with faeces, urine, lochia, placenta and milk. Of all these routes, the longest lasting is the excretion through milk, which can be over several lactations. In this paper, the dynamics of excretion of C. burnetii through milk in seropositive cows and the level of immunoglobulin G in milk serum were examined. Correlation between these two parameters was also examined. A PCR method was used for determination of C. burnetii genome and RID plates – for the concentration of immunoglobulin. The excretion of the causative agent through milk differed between different stages of lactation, being the lowest in the first phase (16.6%) and the highest in the second phase (80.0%) when the lowest concentration of immunoglobulin G in milk serum (4.0 g) was detected.
Key words: Coxiella burnetii, cows, immunoglobulin G, milk
Al-Mujalli, A. M., T. A. Fouda & H. A. Hussein,
2013.
Effects of London rocket (Sisymbrium
irio) on goats’ health: Clinical and laboratory studies.
Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16,
No 1, 48-52.
The study was conducted to investigate the effects of London rocket (Sisymbrium irio) on the general health status of goats from one side and on the blood cellular and biochemical parameters from the other. Six native breed goats, 2–3 years old, weighing 35–40 kg were fed daily on 10 g/kg body weight of fresh whole plant material of London rocket (Sisymbrium irio) for five weeks. Blood samples were obtained from all animals on a weekly basis and were subjected to laboratory evaluation. Two goats were euthanised and post mortem examination was carried out. The obtained results revealed a slight effect on the general health status of the animals and no abnormal macroscopic lesions on post mortem examination. Blood biochemical analysis revealed significant elevations (P<0.05) in the mean values of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, magnesium, total protein and albumin starting from the third week of S. irio supplementation. Also, the results revealed non-significant changes in the mean inorganic phosphate, calcium, glucose, creatinine and uric acid concentrations compared to healthy controls. Haematological evaluation revealed significantly (P<0.05) higher total white blood cell counts and granulocytes starting from the third week of S. irio feeding. Significant (P<0.05) reductions in the mean red blood cell and lymphocyte counts were reported. It could be concluded that Sisymbrium irio altered blood biochemical and haematological parameters which may result in adverse effects on goats’ health. However this assumption should be supported by further investigations.
Key words: blood biochemistry, goats, haematology, Sisymbrium irio
Hematian, H., 2013. Cerebellum alterations in offspring of mercury treated rats. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 16, No 1, 53-60.
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different doses of mercury on foetal cerebellum. Twenty adult female rats were divided in four groups. All animals became pregnant by natural mating. Three groups (T1, T2 and T3) were treated with different doses mercuric oxide (50, 100 and 500 μg/kg respectively) during the 10 terminal days of pregnancy. After parturition, the cerebellum was collected from the offspring of all rats. The weight of the neonates and mothers, and the number of foetuses were measured in all groups. Various histological parameters were determined using histomorphological and histomorphometric techniques. Results revealed a decrease in neonatal and maternal body weight compared to control. The thicknesses of the gray and white matter showed a decrease in all test groups. The number of cells in gray matter and white matter reduced in all test groups. The maternal body weight, the thickness of the gray and white matter in group T3, as well as the number of cells in gray and white matter of groups T2 and T3 were significantly lower (P<0.05) compared to controls. It was suggested that mercury exposure exhibited deleterious effects on the cerebellum during foetal life, which remained persistent during the post neonatal period.
Key words: cerebellum, mercury, offspring, rat