Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine (BJVM)


ISSN 1311-1477 (print);  ISSN 131-3543 (online)

Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
VOL. 12, No 3, SEPTEMBER 2009

 

 CONTENTS

165

A. Parchami, R. A. Fatahian Dehkordi & A. Derakhshan
Comparative histomorphometric study of the common carotid artery and its terminal branches
in sheep and goats

171

M. M. Shabi, R. Dhevi, K. Gayathri, U. Subashini,
G. V. Rajamanickam & G. P. Dubey

C. halicacabum (Linn): Investigations on anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect

178

K. K. Koppad, Y. Hari Babu, K. Ravikanth, S. Maini,
D. S. Rekhe
& S. S. Honnogopal
Polyherbal formulation Exapar Liquid improves local immunity in post partum cows

185

N. Bozakova, М. Oblakova, К. Stoyanchev,
I. Yotova & М. Lalev

Ethological aspects of improving the welfare
of turkey breeders in the hot summer period
by dietary L-arginine supplementation

192

М. Oblakova, К. Stoyanchev, N. Bozakova,
М. Lalev & I. Yotova

Effects of ECOLOGICAL COMFORT AND ecological STRESS on PRODUCTIVE traits OF BROILER TURKEYS
with experimentally induced MUSCular DYSTROPHY

199

A. Fadlelmula, A. M. Al Dughaym,G. E. Mohamed,
M. K. Al Deib & A. J. Al Zubaidy

Bovine mastitis: Epidemiological, clinical and etiological study in a Saudi Arabian large dairy farm

207

A. Doosti, H. Fathpour & S. Moshkelani
SEX IDENTIFICATION IN the CANARY USING
DNA TYPING METHODS

212

A. Rusenov, Y. Nikolov, R. Simeonov, T. Chaprazov,
I. Todorova & I. Borissov

A case of fibrous osteodystrophy in a dog
with secondary renal hyperparathyroidism

Published by the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University,
6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria

 

 

Volume 12, Number 3, September 2009, Summaries

 

Parchami, A., R. A. Fatahian Dehkordi & A. Derakhshan, 2009. Comparative histomorphometric study of the common carotid artery and its terminal branches in sheep and goats. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 12, No 3, 165-170.

Light microscopic analysis of the mural structure of the common carotid artery (CCA), external carotid artery (ECA) and occipital artery (OA) in Lori Bakhtiari sheep and goats revealed variability in the average values of vascular diameter and the thickness of the intimal plus medial coats and adventitial coat. Based on the histological characteristics and organization of connective tissue fibres and smooth muscle cells in the tunica media, the arterial segments were clearly classified into elastic and muscular types. In both species the common and external carotid arteries were of the elastic type. The number of elastic lamellae in the tunica media of proximal, middle and distal parts of the CCA in both species was 11, 9 and 8 respectively; the number of these lamellae for ECA was 6. The artery distant from the heart gradually decreases its elastic lamellae in the tunica media as well as its elasticity. The OA was of the muscular type. In both species the largest mean value of vascular lumen diameter was determined for the CCA, followed by the ECA. The OA showed the smallest lumen diameter compared to both the CCA and ECA. The conjunct intimal plus medial layers, adventitial layer and lumen diameter were significantly greater in sheep in comparison to goats. The adventitial layer in all vessels were thicker in sheep than in goats but the differences were not statistically significant.

Key words: carotid artery, goat, morphometry, sheep

 

Shabi, M. M., R. Dhevi, K. Gayathri, U. Subashini, G. V. Rajamanickam & G. P. Dubey, 2009. C. halicacabum (Linn): Investigations on anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 12, No 3, 171-177.

 Cardiospermum halicacabum (L.) (CH) is widely used as a folk medicine for rheumatism. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the 85 % methanolic extract was evaluated in rats. The analgesic effect was evaluated in two different tests (hot plate and tail immersion tests). The anti-inflammatory activity effect was evaluated by carrageenan-induced inflammation. In both analgesic tests, significant difference has been observed at 150 mg/kg CH extract (P<0.05). CH extract also exhibited a significant (P<0.05) anti-inflammatory activity.

Key words: Cardiospermum halicacabum, carrageenan, hot plate, tail immersion

 

Koppad, K. K., Y. Hari Babu, K. Ravikanth, S. Maini, D. S. Rekhe & S. S. Honnogopal, 2009. Polyherbal formulation Exapar Liquid improves local immunity in post partum cows. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 12, No 3, 178-184.

A study on eighteen cows in advanced pregnancy was conducted in a dairy farm in Bidar Karnataka. The animals were randomly divided in two groups, treated (n=12) and control (n=6). Treated animals were administered Exapar liquid for 5 days while no treatment has been given to control animals. Non-specific and specific immune response in blood samples and lochial discharge were studied on 0, 6th, 15th and 21st day post-calving. It was observed that the administration of Exapar Liquid significantly improved the local immune response in animals as evident by a significant increase in total immunoglobulins, phagocytic response and polymorphonuclear cells in treated animals.

Key words: cattle, immunity, immunoglobulin, immunodiffusion, postpartum

 

Bozakova, N., М. Oblakova, К. Stoyanchev, I. Yotova & М. Lalev, 2009. Ethological aspects of improving the welfare of turkey breeders in the hot summer period by dietary L-arginine supplementation. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 12, No 3, 185-191.

The utilization of food additives to improve poultry welfare during the hot summer months is essential under farm production conditions. The most accurate indicator for that is the behaviour of birds. The aim of this study was to observe the changes in the the behaviour of turkey breeders during a thermoneutral and hot summer period (32 oC), as well as the possibility to improve their welfare through the addition of 1% L-arginine in their feed during the hot summer days. The behaviour of the turkey breeders was observed with a video camera. During the hot summer period there was a significant increase in turkey breeders exhibiting drinking and aggressive behaviour, while there was a decrease in the number of birds performing dustbathing, feather pecking, egg-laying, and sexual behavi­our. The addition of 1% arginine to the feed contributed to a significant improvement in turkey breeders’ welfare during the hot summer period, which was manifested through more frequent dustbathing, improved egg-laying and sexual behaviour, as well as less aggression among birds.

Key words: additive, behaviour, high temperatures, L-arginine,  turkey breeders’ welfare

 

Oblakova, M., К. Stoyanchev, N. Bozakova, М. Lalev & I. Yotova, 2009. Effects of ecological comfort and ecological stress on productive traits of broiler turkeys with experimentally induced muscular dystrophy. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 12, No 3, 192-198.

The experiment was performed with four groups of broiler turkeys: I – control, reared under conditions of ecological comfort, II – control, reared under conditions of ecological stress, III –birds suffering from muscular dystrophy (MD), reared under conditions of ecological comfort, and IV –birds with MD, reared under conditions of ecological stress. The turkeys from groups I and III were kept in the same room separated into two sections, where the microclimate was set in accordance with the zoohygienic requirements. Groups II and IV were kept in another room, where the microclimate deviated from the norms: higher temperature, lower air humidity, and a concentration of ammonia close to the maximum allowed. The conditions of ecological comfort had a positive effect on the live weight of the birds during the first 14 days for both healthy and MD birds. During the first 14 days of rearing under ecological stress, weight gain was increased, regardless of whether they suffered from muscle dystrophy or not. However, during the following period until the 70th day, rearing under such conditions marked a slower development for diseased birds.

Key words: broiler turkeys, muscular dystrophy, stress, body weight

Fadlelmula, A., A. M. Al Dughaym, G. E. Mohamed, M. K. Al Deib & A. J. Al Zubaidy, 2009. Bovine mastitis: Epidemiological, clinical and etiological study in a Saudi Arabian large dairy farm. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 12, No 3, 199-206.

The epidemiological, etiological and clinical aspects of mastitis in a Saudi Arabian dairy farm with a capacity of 11,200 dairy cows were investigated for a period of 60 days in winter. The disease incidence was 1.8 cases per 100 cows/month.The first month of lactation displayed the highest incidence of mastitis (62.7%), while the late stage of lactation showed the lowest incidence (11.2%). The dise­ase incidence increased with increasing age and lactation number. Repeated occurrence of mastitis was 65.1% among cows with a significant decrease in milk yield (P<0.05). Mild and acute forms were the only types of mastitis diagnosed during the study period (59.7% and 40.3% respectively). In the mild form, udder temperature was normal in 97.0%, body temperature was increased in 0.9% and general dullness was present in 1.3% of cases. The acute form was characterized by hot udder (63.9%), increased body temperature (35.4%) and dullness (37.0%) of cases. The most predominant bacterial isolates were Streptococcus uberis (28.8%), Escherichia coli (18.5%), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (10.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus (9.8%). Other bacteria and fungi were isolated in a range of 0.3 to 3.8%. This is the first report of bovine mycotic mastitis from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Medicinal treatment was effective in 95.3% of acute cases and 97.8% of mild cases. In 2.2% of the cases, infection proceeded to chronicity and culling. Irresponsiveness to treatment and hence culling was observed most commonly in infections of Staph. aureus and E. coli.

Key words: dairy cattle, epidemiology, etiology, management, mastitis

Doosti, A., H. Fathpour & S. Moshkelani, 2009. Sex identification in the canary using DNA typing methods. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 12, No 3, 207-211.

In many bird species, the sex determination is very difficult in young birds and many adults. Nowadays, sex identification of animals throughout their lives is possible by molecular genetic techniques. In the present study, the sex identification of canaries by PCR methods based on chromo helicase DNA binding protein CHD-Z and CHD-W genes were explained. Genomic DNA was extracted from feather bulb (old and young) of canary. PCR reaction was performed by a set of novel primers. The results showed two amplified fragments, about 345 and 306 bp for female, and only one 306 bp amplified PCR product for male canaries. This result was shown for each sample. This sex identification system which presented for the first time, especially in canaries. We have established a fast, safe, accurate and inexpensive procedure for sex typing of canary using DNA extracted from feathers.

Key words: canary (Serinus canaria), PCR, sex identification

Rusenov, A., Y. Nikolov, R. Simeonov, T. Chaprazov, I. Todorova & I. Borissov, 2009. A case of fibrous osteo-dystrophy in a dog with secondary renal hyperparathyroidism. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 12, No 3, 212-218.

A clinical case of fibrous osteodystrophy in a dog with secondary renal hyperparathyroidism is described. Considerable deviations in blood biochemistry, radiological, ultrasonographic and ECG findings, as well as in histological examination of kidneys were observed. All these changes are conside­red as relevant and in our view, could be utilized for the proper diagnostics of this pathological state.

Key words: chronic renal failure, dog, fibrous osteodystrophy, hyperparathyroidism, parathyroid hormone