Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine (BJVM)
ISSN 1311-1477
Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
VOL. 10, No 2, JUNE, 2007
CONTENTS
67
FULL TEXT77
FULL TEXTI. S. Stefanov, A. Vodenicharov, R. Dimitrov & G. Kostadinov
density, shape and dimensions of mast cells in canine anal canal83
FULL TEXTO. Sabatakou, E. Paraskevakou, S. Tseleni-Balafouta & E. Patsouris
Histochemical study of alkaline phosphatase activity in the chicken intestine95
FULL TEXTS. Prawez, R. Raina, A. K. Srivastava, N. K. Pankaj, P. K. Verma & D. J. Dimitrova
PhaRmacokinetics of tobramycin following a single intramuscular administration in Kaghani goats (Capra hircus)103
FULL TEXTV. Nanev, T. Mutafova, I. Todev, D. Hrusanov & V. Radev
Morphological characteristics of nematodes of the Globocephalus genus prevalent among wild boars from various regions of Bulgaria113
FULL TEXTF.Balci, S. Dikmen, H. Gencoglu, A. Ornam, I. I. Turkmen & H. Biricik
The effect of fibrolytic exogenous enzyme on fattening performance of steers119
FULL TEXTA. M. Haritova & H. D. Hubenov
Implantation of Tissue Chambers in Turkeys: A Pilot Study
(no summary is available)123
FULL TEXTF. Asadi, S. Jamshidi, M. Pourkabir & P. Asadian
Serum Lipid and Lipoprotein Parameters of Iranian Persian Cat (Felis catus)
(no summary is available)Published by the Trakia University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Volume 10, Number 2, June 2007, Summaries
Pavlov, A., 2007. Changes in the meat from aquaculture species during storage at low temperature and attempts for differentiation between thawed-frozen and fresh chilled meat. A review. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 2, 67-75.
A survey of literature about the effect of freezing and low temperature storage on meat from aquaculture species was performed. The reviewed data point out that freezing is the most convenient method for prevention of foodstuff spoilage under the influence of own enzymes from one part and the development of microorganisms on the other. Low temperatures contribute to meat foodstuffs safety because of their effect on parasites as well. A scientific and practical challenge is the differentiation of frozen-thawed from fresh chilled meat, especially in aquaculture species. The reviewed literature concerning this problem leads to the conclusion that enzymatic methods of differentiation are comparatively the most precise and easiest to perform.
Key words: aquacultures, freezing-thawing, enzyme methods
Stefanov, I. S., A. Vodenicharov, R. Dimitrov & G. Kostadinov, 2007. Density, shape and dimensions of mast cells in canine anal canal. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 2, 77-82.
The aim of the present study was to determine the density (number), shape and dimensions of mast cells in the wall of the anal canal (AC) and wall of perianal sinuses (PS) in six healthy mongrel male dogs at the age of 3-4 years. The density of mast cells was determined in 1 mm2 fields. In AC wall, 276 fields were studied and 8317 mast cells were detected, whereas in the PS wall – 9126 mast cells in 198 fields. The biggest mast cell density was observed in propria of the AC wall (53.3 ± 12.0 /mm²). Relatively less mast cells were observed in the internal anal sphincter (31.7 ± 5.0 /mm²), while their number in the external anal sphincter was considerably lower (7.3 ± 1.5 /mm²). The shape of mast cells was the most elongated in the muscle layer, whereas those in the propria were mostly oval. In the PS wall, the highest mast cell number was observed in the connective tissue, situated between the cover epithelium and the apocrine glands (67.2 ± 12.4 /mm²). Less mast cells were present in the layer with sebaceous glands (43.7 ± 7.0/mm²), and the fewest amount - in the layer with apocrine glands (18.5 ± 4.0 /mm²). The number of mast cells in the external anal sphincter was relatively high (59.9 ± 12.1/mm²). In the last two structures, the shape of mast cells was elongated whereas in the other – predominantly oval.
Key words: anal canal, dog, mast cells
Sabatakou, O., E. Paraskevakou, S. Tseleni-Balafouta & E. Patsouris, 2007. Histochemical study of alkaline phosphatase activity in the chicken intestine. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 2, 83-93.
The distribution of non-specific alkaline phosphatase (AP) in normal duodenum, rest small intestine and caecum of chicken has been studied by a catalytic histochemistry method. Embryos and chickens ranging between day 11 prior to and day 60 after hatching were used and the findings of AP reaction were correlated with the age. In the small intestine, during foetal life, the AP activity started to be weakly positive to the 11th day of incubation, becoming gradually stronger afterwards and after hatching. As far as in the caecum was concerned, a weak reaction was also observed during foetal life becoming stronger in its base (Basis ceci) after hatching. The body (Corpus ceci) and the tip (Apex ceci) of the caecum presented a slight or moderate reaction up the 21st day and a strong one from the 25th day onwards.
Key words: alkaline phosphatase, chicken, intestine
Prawez, S., R. Raina, A. K. Srivastava, N. K. Pankaj, P. K. Verma & D. J. Dimitrova, 2007. Pharmacokinetics of tobramycin following a single intramuscular administration in Kaghani goats (Capra hircus). Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 2, 95-101.
The pharmacokinetics and safety of tobramycin sulphate solution was studied in Kaghani goats (Capra hircus) following a single intramuscular administration at a dose rate of 3 mg/kg body weight. The blood plasma level of tobramycin was determined by using Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 as test organism and the lower limit of detection was 0.1 μg/mL. Plasma concentration-time curve was analysed via non-compartmental model based on statistical moment theory (SMT). Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine evaluation was carried out before and on 3rd & 7th days after the tobramycin administration. Following single i.m. administration the drug was rapidly absorbed with peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 21.76±0.79 μg/mL at time (tmax) 0.43±0.04 h. The values of plasma biological half-life (t½l), area under plasma concentration-time curve (АUС0®¥) and mean residence time (MRT) were 3.13±0.24 h, 70.02±5.16 mg.h/mL and 4.18±0.24 h, respectively. Laboratory tests detected a slight raise of values of BUN and serum creatinine on days 3rd and 7th but within normal range. It was concluded that the single i.m. administration of tobramycin at 3 mg/kg body weight may provide adequate 12-hour plasma concentration levels to treat most susceptible gram-positive and gram-negative infections in goats.
Key words: goats, pharmacokinetics, tobramycin
Nanev, V., T. Mutafova, I. Todev, D. Hrusanov & V. Radev, 2007. Morphological characteristics of nematodes of the Globocephalus genus prevalent among wild boars from various regions of Bulgaria. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 2, 103-111.
Sexually mature parasites of the Globocephalus genus, collected from wild boars inhabiting Bulgarian State Game Breeding Stations with various ecogeographical characteristics were investigated. A complete morphometric description of collected worms was performed and the presence of a single species - G. urosubulatus, was observed. The data were analyzed and compared to morphological descriptions reported in the literature. Conclusions about the consistency of morphometric criteria used in the recognition of Globocephalus species were made.
Key words: Globocephalus, morphology, nematodes, wild boars, worm parasites
Balci, F., S. Dikmen, H. Gencoglu, A. Orman, I. I. Turkmen & H. Biricik, 2007. The effect of fibrolytic exogenous enzyme on fattening performance of steers. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 2, 113-118.
Sixteen Holstein steers, 9-12 months old with 362.0±17.0 and 363.6±16.0 kg initial body weight for steers in control and treatment groups, respectively, individually penned were used to investigate the effect of a fibrolytic enzyme (Promote N. E. T., Agribrands International, St. Louis, MO) on fattening performance. The animals were randomly allocated to: control (C) (n=8), or enzyme-treated (E) (n=8) groups. They were fed for a period of 80 days with normal ration (group C) or normal ration + 60 g/day fibrolytic enzyme (group E). Both groups were given wheat straw as roughage source. Health records were kept and all steers were healthy throughout the trial period. During the last week of the 80-day experimental period, for 3 consecutive days, rumen fluid samples with an amount of 0.5 l were obtained from 6 steers from each of control and treatment groups via the oesophageal tube, 3 hours after morning feeding. They were used for analysis of pH and in vitro dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) digestibility. During the fattening period liveweight gains of control and treatment groups were determined (986±70 and 1270±80 g, respectively) and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). Roughage feed conversion rate (FCR) difference between groups was insignificant whereas concentrate feed FCR was statistically significant (P<0.05) and better for the treated group. Total FCR was also better in treated than in control steers (P<0.05). Rumen pH was found to be 6.19±0.13 and 6.20±0.07 for the control and treated groups, respectively (P>0.05). Wheat straw showed higher (P<0.05) in vitro DM, OM and NDF digestibility in the treated group compared to the control, whereas concentrate feed did not show the same differences (P>0.05). The results obtained from this study suggest that steers fed with Promote N.E.T. supplemented feed had better results of daily weight gain, total weight gain and feed conversion rate.
Key words: fattening performance, fibrolytic enzyme, Holstein steers