Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine (BJVM)
ISSN 1311-1477
Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
VOL. 10, No 1, MARCH, 2007
CONTENTS
Published by the Trakia University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,
6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
Volume 10, Number 1, March 2007, Summaries
Shuljak, B. F., 2007. Lentivirus infections of ungulates. III. Pathogenesis & symptoms. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 1, 1-8.
In this part of the review author describes the pathogenesis, pathomorphology & symptoms of diseases caused by 5 lentiviruses.
Key words: lentiviruses, pathogenesis, symptomatology
Noll, I., R. Hospes, B. I. L. Hospes, R. Weiß, L. Gortner & H. Bostedt, 2007. Use of polymerase chain reaction to detect bacteremia in critically ill neonatal calves. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 1, 9-19.
The aim of the present study was to establish polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect bacterial 16S-rRNA genes in the blood of critically ill calves and to compare the results with those of the present “gold standard” of bacteraemia diagnostics, i.e. blood culture. For this purpose, a total of 126 blood samples were taken under sterile conditions from 53 severely ill and potentially bacteraemic calves and from 20 healthy control animals that were 1 to 23 days old and examined for bacterial growth and the presence of bacterial DNA in duplicate by means of blood culture and PCR. Blood sampling and laboratory diagnostic examinations were performed after establishment of the clinical diagnosis and repeated 8 to 12 h thereafter. No evidence of bacteria was found in 60 out of the total of 126 samples examined either in the blood culture or in the PCR. The positive result of blood culture and PCR agreed in 28 blood samples (22.2%). The positive blood culture result of 5 samples was not substantiated by the PCR investigation, which represents a percentage of 4.0%. However, bacterial DNA was detected in another 33 (26.2%) samples by means of PCR, which was not capable of inducing bacterial growth in the blood culture. The rate of contamination of the blood culture was 3% on the basis of the data obtained in this study and 4.9% in the case of the PCR detection.
Key words: 16S-rRNA, blood culture, bovine, septicaemia, universal primer
Piccione, G., C. Giannetto, F. Fazio, S. Di Mauro & G. Caola, 2007. Haematological response to different workload in jumper horses. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 1, 21-28.
Five clinically healthy Sella Italiana horses were used in order to assess the haematological response to different workload. Blood samples were collected on each horse at rest, immediately after the exercise and 30 min after the end of the exercise. An automated haematology analyzer was used to assess red blood cells counts, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit (Hct) and white blood cells counts One-way for repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the statistical differences and it showed a significant effect of the exercise on sand track on Hct. Our results confirm that exercise has variable effects on the studied parameters depending on work intensity. Based on our results it is possible to affirm that the indices studied could be useful in the assessment of the fitness of sport horses and aerobic working capacity, correlated to blood fluidity.
Key words: haematological parameters, horse, performance, physical exercise, workload
Bani Ismail, Z. A., M. F. Al-Zghoul, A. M. Al-Majali & N. M. Khraim, 2007. Effects of castration on penile and urethral development in Awassi lambs. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 1, 29-34.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of castration on penile and urethral development in Awassi lambs. Twenty 1-2 weeks old Awassi lambs were divided randomly into 4 groups. Groups 1, 2, and 3 were castrated at 2 weeks, 3 and 5 months of age, respectively. Group 4 was not castrated (control). To assess penile and urethral development, penile length, penile diameter and urethral cross sectional area were measured at 3 sites (proximal sigmoid flexure, distal sigmoid flexure, and glans penis) using digital image analysis. The penis of control animals was significantly longer and larger in diameter compared to that in castrated animals at 2 weeks and 3 months of age. The urethral cross sectional area in control animals was significantly larger at the 3 selected sites compared to groups 1 and 2. The results of this study indicate that castration affects negatively the normal development of the penis and urethra and that Awassi lambs, castrated at an early age have smaller penises and narrower urethras.
Key words: Awassi lambs, castration, development, penis, urethra
Borissov, I., S. Tsanova & D. Sivrev, 2007. Tissue response of dental pulp in dogs following direct capping with potassium nitrate in polycarboxylate cement. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 1, 35-43.
In 6 dogs, experiments were performed to determine the tissue reaction of the dental pulp at the 7th, 30th and 60th days after direct contact of the pulp with the obturation material through a microcommunication orifice with diameter up to 1 mm, formed in the fundic part of an experimental cavity. Capping of 36 mandibular premolars with traumatically exposed pulp was carried out. On the exposed pulp, polycarboxylate cement with 5% potassium nitrate was applied on 18 teeth (experimental) and a preparation containing calcium hydroxide (Calxyd) - on the opposite 18 (control) teeth. The histological preparations were observed by light microscopy and the dental pulp changes were determined by the Negm’s scale using 3 scores: weak, medium and strong inflammatory reaction. The status of the odontoblast layer was evaluated after Qvist & Qvist and the amount of reparative dentin - after Stanley. The obtained results showed that the direct capping of traumatically exposed dental pulp with potassium nitrate in polycarboxylate cement did not cause degenerative changes in the pulp-dentin complex. The histomorphological tissue response was probably due to effect of potassium nitrate and polyacrylic acid upon the regeneration in the dental pulp protected against microbial infection. It could be supposed that the good adhesion properties of the material ensured the isolation of the exposed dental pulp from the environment, creating optimal preconditions for manifestation of its natural reparative potential.
Key words: dogs, polycarboxylate cement, potassium nitrate, pulp caр
Kalinova, K., 2007. Imaging (ultrasonography, computed tomography) of patients with hydatid liver disease. Bulg. J. Vet. Med., 10, No 1, 45-51.
A survey was performed with the assumption that the algorithm of used approaches is very important throughout the continuous diagnostics of asymptomatic liver echinococcosis. In the course of the 20-year experience (1986-2006) of the Department of General and Operative Surgery of the Medical University of Stara Zagora in diagnosing the disease, ultrasonography, radiography and computed tomography (CT) were performed in 127 patients. The different methods of diagnostics of the commonest symptoms of the diseases as well as the findings in complicatios, revealed during the operative treatment, are discussed. The hydatid cyst size was compared with the parasite’s evaluative stages. The cyst’s segmentary topography and the related risk of cystic echinococcosis were evaluated. The ultrasonography and CT scan findings were studied before and after therapy.
Key words: diagnosis, echinococcosis, liver, computed tomography, ultrasound